- 1866General Sherman incident
- 1866병인박해, ,병인사옥·병인양요, 제너럴 셔먼호 사건 일어남
- 186611 October – 22 November. The French conduct a punitive campaign in Korea, but eventually retreat without concessions from the Korean government.
- 1869Famine in northern Korea that causes Koreans to flee to Russia.
| - Yangzhou riot
- Nian Rebellion
- 1866左宗棠设福州船政局。
- 1870June — Tianjin massacre: A riot took place in Tianjin in which some sixty people, including foreigners and Chinese Christians, were killed.
- 1870Battle of Ürümqi
| - Boshin War was fought between forces of the ruling Tokugawa shogunate and those seeking to return political power to the Imperial Court.
- Battle of Toba–Fushimi
- Battle of Ueno
- Battle of Awa
- Battle of Aizu
- Battle of Hakodate
- Battle of Utsunomiya Castle
- Battle of Kōshū-Katsunuma
- Battle of Hokuetsu
- Battle of Bonari Pass
- Battle of Noheji
- Battle of Hatchōoki
- 江戸開城（江戸城無血開城）JA
- 이치카와·후나바시 전쟁
- January — Meiji Restoration restored practical abilities and the political system under Emperor Meiji. This ended the Tokugawa Shogunate.
- 秋田戦争JA
- 1866Second Chōshū expedition
- 1866Tokugawa Yoshinobu, accession
- 1866第二次長州征討
- 1867February — Emperor Meiji ascended the Chrysanthemum Throne. This marked the start of the Meiji Period.
- 1867近江屋事件。大政奉還・王政復古により江戸幕府が実質的に滅亡。
- 1867아부라코지 사건
- 1867January — Emperor Kōmei died at the age of 35. It's generally believed due to the smallpox epidemic. This marked the end of the Edo period.
- 1869戊辰戦争
- 1869May — Emperor Meiji moved his residence from Kyoto to Tokyo. Edo castle became the Imperial Palace. This made Tokyo the formal capital of Japan.
- 1869The city of Edo was formally renamed to Tokyo ("eastern capital"). The city of Tokyo was officially established.
| - Battle of the Washita River
- Grito de Lares
- 1868 Hawaii earthquake
- Arkansas, Louisiana, Florida, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Alabama are admitted back into the union.
- Ulysses S. Grant is elected president and Schuyler Colfax is elected vice president.
- Battle of Beecher Island
- Impeachment of Andrew Johnson, acquitted by the Senate by one vote.
- Battle of El Pepino
- Camilla massacre
- March 4, 1869 – Grant becomes the 18th president and Colfax becomes the 17th vice president.
- The Copperheads are dissolved.
- Fourteenth Amendment is ratified; second of Reconstruction Amendments.
- Boss Tweed gained control of Tammany Hall.
- 1866Red Cloud's War
- 1866Fetterman Fight
- 1866Civil Rights Act of 1866
- 1866New Orleans Massacre of 1866
- 1866Tennessee becomes the first Confederate state readmitted to the union
- 1867Alaska Purchase
- 1867Territory of Alaska purchased from the Russian Empire
- 1867Nebraska becomes a state
- 18671867 Manhattan, Kansas, earthquake
- 1867Hayfield Fight
- 18671867 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania
- 1867The US Annexes the Midway Islands in the Pacific
- 1867Tenure of Office Act enacted
- 1867Congress passes a series of Reconstruction acts and the period of Radical Reconstruction begins
- 1869Texas v. White upholds Radical Reconstruction and states that once Texas joins the Union, its union was indissoluble.
- 1869The First transcontinental railroad is completed at Promontory Summit, Utah Territory.
- 1869Battle of Summit Springs
- 1870도금 시대
- 1870Virginia, Mississippi, Texas, and Georgia are readmitted to the union
- 1870Marias Massacre
- 1870First graduate programs (at Yale and Harvard)
- 187015th Amendment
- 1870Black Codes
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