- 1866舍门将军号事件
- 1866병인박해, ,병인사옥·병인양요, 제너럴 셔먼호 사건 일어남
- 186611 October – 22 November. The French conduct a punitive campaign in Korea, but eventually retreat without concessions from the Korean government.
- 1869Famine in northern Korea that causes Koreans to flee to Russia.
| - August — Yangzhou riot: Scholar-officials resident in Yangzhou instigated a riot in which the headquarters of the British missionary society OMF International were attacked and burned.EN
- Nian Rebellion: The last of the rebel armies was destroyed.EN
- 1866左宗棠设福州船政局。
- 1870June — Tianjin massacre: A riot took place in Tianjin in which some sixty people, including foreigners and Chinese Christians, were killed.
- 1870迪化之战
| - Boshin War was fought between forces of the ruling Tokugawa shogunate and those seeking to return political power to the Imperial Court.
- 鸟羽伏见之战
- 上野戰爭
- 아와 해전EN
- 會津戰爭
- 箱館戰爭
- 宇都宮城之戰
- 甲州勝沼之戰
- 北越戰爭
- Battle of Bonari PassEN
- Battle of NohejiEN
- Battle of HatchōokiEN
- 江戸開城(江戸城無血開城)JA
- 市川船橋之戰
- January — Meiji Restoration restored practical abilities and the political system under Emperor Meiji. This ended the Tokugawa Shogunate.EN
- 秋田戦争JA
- 1866June — The Second Chōshū expedition starts, only to be halted after death of shogun Tokugawa Iemochi in August 1866, critically discrediting the Tokugawa shogunate.
- 1866德川庆喜 即位
- 1866第二次長州征討
- 1867February — Emperor Meiji ascended the Chrysanthemum Throne. This marked the start of the Meiji Period.
- 1867近江屋事件
- 1867油小路事件
- 1867January — Emperor Kōmei died at the age of 35. It's generally believed due to the smallpox epidemic. This marked the end of the Edo period.
- 1869戊辰戦争
- 1869May — Emperor Meiji moved his residence from Kyoto to Tokyo. Edo castle became the Imperial Palace. This made Tokyo the formal capital of Japan.
- 1869The city of Edo was formally renamed to Tokyo ("eastern capital"). The city of Tokyo was officially established.
| - Battle of the Washita RiverEN
- Grito de LaresEN
- 1868年夏威夷地震
- Arkansas, Louisiana, Florida, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Alabama are admitted back into the union.EN
- Ulysses S. Grant is elected president and Schuyler Colfax is elected vice president.EN
- Battle of Beecher IslandEN
- Impeachment of Andrew Johnson, acquitted by the Senate by one vote.EN
- Battle of El PepinoEN
- Camilla massacreEN
- March 4, 1869 – Grant becomes the 18th president and Colfax becomes the 17th vice president.EN
- The Copperheads are dissolved.EN
- Fourteenth Amendment is ratified; second of Reconstruction Amendments.EN
- Boss Tweed gained control of Tammany Hall.EN
- 1866Red Cloud's War
- 1866Fetterman Fight
- 1866Civil Rights Act of 1866
- 1866New Orleans Massacre of 1866
- 1866Tennessee becomes the first Confederate state readmitted to the union
- 1867알래스카 매매
- 1867Territory of Alaska purchased from the Russian Empire
- 1867Nebraska becomes a state
- 18671867年堪萨斯州曼哈顿地震
- 1867Hayfield Fight
- 18671867年宾夕法尼亚州联邦参议员选举
- 1867The US Annexes the Midway Islands in the Pacific
- 1867Tenure of Office Act enacted
- 1867Congress passes a series of Reconstruction acts and the period of Radical Reconstruction begins
- 1869Texas v. White upholds Radical Reconstruction and states that once Texas joins the Union, its union was indissoluble.
- 1869The First transcontinental railroad is completed at Promontory Summit, Utah Territory.
- 1869Battle of Summit Springs
- 1870도금 시대
- 1870Virginia, Mississippi, Texas, and Georgia are readmitted to the union
- 1870Marias Massacre
- 1870First graduate programs (at Yale and Harvard)
- 187015th Amendment
- 1870Black Codes
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