- 1936年智异山双溪寺地震
- 베를린 올림픽에서 손기정이 금메달, 남승룡이 동메달 수상, 일장기 말소사건 발생, 동북항일연군 조직KO
- 19353 November. Runner Sohn Kee-chung becomes the first Korean to win an Olympic gold medal, and sets a world record time. However, Sohn begrudgingly competed as an athlete of the Empire of Japan. The Dong-A Ilbo removes the Japanese flag from his uniform in an image, which leads to retaliation from the colonial government.
- 1935민족 혁명당 창당
- 1937June. Kim Il Sung leads 150–200 guerrillas in the Battle of Pochonbo.
- 1937보천보 전투
- 1938March. Samsung is established in Daegu.
- 1938국가 총동원법 시행, 지원병제 제정, 조선 의용대 창설
| - December — Xi'an Incident: Zhang Xueliang arrested Chiang in Xi'an due to concerns he was insufficiently committed to anti-Japanese resistance.EN
- Japan opened a biological warfare operation called Unit 731 in Manchukuo.EN
- 两广事变。张学良与楊虎成发动西安事變,兵谏蒋中正以求共同抗日,事变后張學良遭蒋中正軟禁直至晚年。魯迅逝,章炳麟逝,胡漢民逝。
- 1934October — Long March: The Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army broke through the KMT lines attempting to encircle them at Ganzhou.
- 1934喀什戰役
- 1934February — Chiang and his wife Soong Mei-ling established the quasi-fascist New Life Movement.
- 1934推行新生活運動。中国工农紅軍放弃瑞金及井冈山根据地,長征開始。沈從文著《邊城》。考古學家黃文弼著《高昌陶集》
- 1935一二·九运动
- 1935February — First Encirclement Campaign against Hubei–Henan–Shaanxi Soviet: Red Army forces forced the retreat of a KMT army attempting to encircle the soviet of Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi.
- 1935中共举行遵義會議(毛澤東逐渐进入中共核心)。夏鼐等發掘殷墟。《为抗日救国告全体同胞书》发表。一二·九运动。
- 1937December — Nanjing Massacre: Nanjing fell to the Japanese Central China Area Army. A six-week massacre began in which tens of thousands of women were raped and as many as three hundred thousand civilians were killed.
- 1937March — Marco Polo Bridge incident: Roughly one hundred Chinese soldiers were killed defending the Marco Polo Bridge in Beijing from a Japanese attack.
- 1937淞沪会战
- 1937December — Battle of Nanking: The Japanese Central China Area Army launched a full-scale assault on Nanjing.
- 1937太原會戰
- 1937忻口會戰
- 1937平型关战役
- 1937Defense of Sihang Warehouse
- 1937通州事件
- 1937Guanganmen incident
- 1937廊坊事件
- 1937September — The KMT and CCP joined to establish the Second United Front, which led to the Communists recognizing at least for the moment Chiang Kai-shek as China's leader and the official dissolution of the Chinese Soviet Republic. The Red Army was reorganized into the Eighth Route and New Fourth Armies, which were nominally part of the NRA chain of command.
- 19377月7日盧溝橋事變,抗日戰爭全面爆發。國共第二次合作,成立「抗日民族統一戰線」。淞滬會戰,8月14日中日首次空戰,獲814空軍大捷。南京保卫战国军大败,随后日军发动南京大屠殺杀害约30万平民,十年建設(1928-1937)結束。
- 1938June — 1938 Yellow River flood: KMT forces destroyed a major dyke in an effort to create a flood to slow down Japanese forces. Nearly a million citizens died.
- 1938武汉会战
- 1938台兒莊戰役
- 1938徐州会战
- 1938February — Bombing of Chongqing: The Japanese army and naval air services began a bombing campaign against civilian targets in Chongqing which would kill some ten thousand people.
| - 방공 협정EN
- to 28 February — Prime Minister Keisuke Okada survives the February 26 incident. However, he left office one month later.EN
- 1934帝人事件
- 1935天皇機関説問題、相沢事件。
- 1937淞沪会战
- 1937보천보 습격
- 1937乾岔子島事件
- 1937Guanganmen incident
- 1937廊坊事件
- 1937Nagoya Pan-Pacific Peace Exposition
- 1937July — Second Sino-Japanese War begins.
- 1938津山事件
| - Hoover DamEN
- 第二次伦敦海军条约
- Jesse Owens won 4 gold medals at the Olympics in Berlin, GermanyEN
- U.S. presidential election, 1936: Franklin D. Roosevelt reelected president, John N. Garner reelected vice presidentEN
- Babe Ruth and Ty Cobb named to baseball's Hall of FameEN
- Robinson-Patman ActEN
- Life magazine publishes first issueEN
- 1936 Tupelo–Gainesville tornado outbreakEN
- United States v. Butler, which ruled that the processing taxes instituted under the 1933 Agricultural Adjustment Act were unconstitutionalEN
- 1934黑色风暴事件
- 1934Tydings–McDuffie Act
- 1934Indian Reorganization Act
- 1934John Dillinger killed
- 1934Share the Wealth society founded by Huey Long
- 1934Federal Housing Administration
- 1934U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission established
- 1934Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act
- 1934Glass–Steagall Act
- 1934The first federal prisoners arrived at Alcatraz
- 1934Philippine Commonwealth established
- 1934Johnson Act
- 1935Roerich Pact
- 1935Alcoholics Anonymous founded
- 1935Social Security Act
- 1935Works Progress Administration
- 1935The F.B.I. is established with J. Edgar Hoover as its first director.
- 1935Huey Long assassinated
- 1935Congress of Industrial Organizations formed
- 1935Motor Carrier Act
- 1935Middletown is published
- 1935Neutrality Act
- 1935National Labor Relations Act
- 1935Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States
- 1935Revenue Act of 1935
- 1937Golden Gate Bridge completed in San Francisco
- 1937Hindenburg disaster, killing 35 people and marking an end to airship travel
- 1937Ponce massacre
- 1937Memorial Day massacre
- 1937Battle of the Overpass
- 1937Neutrality Acts
- 1937Look magazine publishes first issue
- 1937Panay incident, a Japanese attack on the United States Navy gunboat USS Panay while anchored in the Yangtze River outside of Nanjing
- 1937January 20, 1937 – President Roosevelt and Vice President Garner begin second terms.
- 1938The comic book superhero Superman debuts in Action Comics #1 (June 1938)
- 1938Orson Welles' The War of the Worlds broadcast
- 1938Thornton Wilder’s play Our Town wins Pulitzer Prize
- 1938Fair Labor Standards Act
- 1938Wheeler-Lea Act
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