- November. The United Nations passes General Assembly Resolution 112, which creates the United Nations Temporary Commission on Korea. The Soviets dispute the authority of the commission and ignore it.
- July. Lyuh Woon-hyung, whom some Americans had been eyeing as a more moderate alternative candidate for leadership in the South, is assassinated by a member of the far-right terrorist group the White Shirts Society.
- 2월 북조선인민위원회 창설KO
- 5월 21일 제2차 미소공동위원회 개최KO
- 1945Yalta Conference
- 194517 August. The Seishin Operation is fought between the Soviet Union and Japan, with the Soviets winning.
- 1945August. Soviet troops begin their first military operation in Korea, and land in Unggi County (later renamed Sonbong-guyok). Chŏng Sangjin is the only ethnic Korean among the Soviet troops there.
- 1945September. Before both trusteeships are well-established, Lyuh Woon-hyung establishes an independent People's Republic of Korea that incorporates both left- and right-leaning politicians. However, its activities are quickly suppressed and it never gains recognition from either the USSR or US.
- 1945August. The General Order No. 1, drafted by the United States, specified the division of Korea at the 38th parallel. Stalin did not object to the terms.
- 1945October. The League of Koreans in Japan is established.
- 1945July. The Bumingwan bombing incident [ja] occurs at the building Bumingwan in Seoul.
- 1945(before liberation)
- 19458월 15일 일제 패망으로 광복, 조선인민공화국 수립, 군정청 설치
- 1945(after liberation)
- 1945September. Kim Il Sung returns to the Korean peninsula with the Soviets.
- 1946January. Cho Man-sik, Kim's main rival for leadership in the North, is removed from office and placed under house arrest by the Soviets.
- 19461946 South Korean legislative election
- 1946February. The Provisional People's Committee of North Korea is established, and Kim Il Sung is made its chairman. While it supposedly represents all political groups in the North, it is dominated by the Soviet-backed Communist Party.
- 19463월 20일 제1차 미소공동위원회 개최
- 19462월 8일 북조선임시인민위원회 창설
- 19461월 15일 남조선국방경비대 창설
- 19466월 3일 이승만이 정읍발언을 함
- 1946July. North Korea creates its first film: Our Construction.
- 1948Jeju uprising
- 1948November. The South Korean National Assembly passes the National Security Law. The law has been consistently criticized for its broad scope and historical use by South Korean dictatorships to quash political resistance.
- 19487월 17일 대한민국 헌법이 공포됨
- 19489월 9일 조선민주주의인민공화국 정부 수립
- 19485월 10일 남한 총선거
- 19488월 15일 대한민국 정부 수립
- 1948May. Despite significant controversy, elections for the National Assembly are held in South Korea, and Syngman Rhee becomes its chair.
- 194810월 19일 여수·순천 사건 일어남
- 1949Mungyeong massacre
- 194926 June. Kim Ku is murdered in his home by Ahn Doo-hee. The exact motives behind the murder still remain unclear.
| - Constitution of the Republic of China
- Zhengtai Campaign
- February — February 28 Incident: Nationalist forces violently suppressed an anti-government protest in Taiwan Province.
- 《中華民國憲法》公布，正式施行憲政。国民革命军实行軍隊國家化，改称中華民國國軍。北塔山事件。鲁南战役。中华民国国军攻入延安。臺灣發生二二八事件。ZH
- 1945September — Surrender of Japan: Japanese forces in China formally surrendered to Chiang Kai-shek.
- 1945June — The United Nations Charter establishing the United Nations (UN) was signed at the San Francisco War Memorial and Performing Arts Center by fifty nations including China.
- 1945August — Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki: As many as eighty thousand Japanese, largely civilians, were killed in the atomic bombing of Hiroshima by a United States aircraft.
- 1945Gegenmiao massacre
- 1945October — Surrender of Japan: China regains control of Taiwan from Japan and was proclaimed as Retrocession Day. Chen Yi of the Kuomintang was appointed Chief Executive.
- 1945中共七大召開，毛澤東當選中國共產黨中央委員會主席。苏联武装军事占领滿洲地区。國軍陸軍總司令何應欽將軍代表同盟國在南京市接受日軍投降，抗日戰爭結束。因受降接收问题发生国共冲突，國共和談後簽訂雙十協定。中華民國國民政府根据中蘇友好同盟條約，宣布承認外蒙古獨立，并隨後表示支持蒙古人民共和國加入聯合國。昆明五华山事件。
- 1945Campaign to Suppress Bandits in Northeast China
- 1946Chinese Civil War
- 1946Battle of Siping
- 1946Battle of Kalgan
- 19461946 Hsinhua earthquake
- 19461月5日承认外蒙古独立。第二次國共內戰起。詩人聞一多被殺。《中華民國憲法》通過。《中美友好通商航海条约》签订。
- 1948Siege of Changchun
- 1948Battle of Jinzhou
- 1948Battle of Jinan
- 19481948 Litang earthquake
- 1948November — Liaoshen Campaign: The last ROC garrison in Manchuria, in Yingkou, retreated in the face of a PLA advance.
- 1948蔣中正當選行憲後第一任中華民國總統，國民政府改组成立中華民國政府。金圓券風暴。上海《观察》杂志被查封。中国人民解放军通过三大战役（三大会战）重创中华民国国军，国共双方军事实力反转。
- 1948December — Huaihai Campaign: The PLA encircled an ROC army in Xuzhou.
- 1949月1日，中華人民共和國開國大典，成立「中华人民共和国中央人民政府」，改北平為北京，以作為首都。定五星红旗为国旗，《义勇军进行曲》为临时国歌。
- 1949月16日，毛泽东应召赴莫斯科，参加庆祝苏共中央总书记斯大林七十岁诞辰，并对苏联进行为期两个月的访问；21日，毛泽东等到达莫斯科，与斯大林迅速谈判。
- 1949Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
- 1949月25日，金门战役爆发，中国人民解放军进攻失败。
- 1949Battle of Guningtou
- 1949Yangtze River Crossing campaign
- 1949October — Mao declared the establishment of the People's Republic of China (PRC).
- 1949月21日，毛澤東發表政务院人選，以周恩來為總理，兼外交部部長，中央人民政府人民革命軍事委員會主席由毛澤東兼任。
- 1949April — Chinese Civil War: The PLA conquered the ROC capital Nanjing. The ROC moved its capital to Guangzhou.
- 1949January — Chiang resigned the presidency of the Republic of China due to military failures and under pressure from his vice president Li Zongren, who succeeded him as acting president.
- 1949月，两航事件，隶属中华民国交通部的中国航空公司、中央航空运输公司的飞行员集体自英属香港驾驶12架飞机飞到中华人民共和国。
- 1949May — The ROC government imposes the 38-year martial law in Taiwan
- 1949December — The ROC moved its capital from Chengdu to Taipei.
- 1949月3日，中华人民共和国与苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟建交。
- 1949January — Pingjin Campaign: The PLA took Beijing.
- 1949月2日，苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟 （苏联）首先承認中華人民共和國。
- 1949月14日-12月，张家口爆发了鼠疫，75人死亡。
- 1949月7日，成都十二桥惨案，数十名政治犯被秘密集体枪决。
| - August — Supreme Court of Japan is established.
- May — The Constitution of Japan goes into the effect. This country will start the transition from the Empire of Japan to the State of Japan (Nihon Koku, 日本国) with a Liberal Democracy. The Article 9 turned Japan into a pacifist country without a military, known as East Asia or Asia-Pacific country.
- March — Sekisui Chemical is founded.
- 1945Battle of Iwo Jima
- 1945Battle of Okinawa
- 1945August — Surrender of JapanLast Allied bombing of Japan takes place in Odawara and Tsuchizaki.Emperor Hirohito declares Japan's acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration following the surrender of Japan at the end of war.
- 1945月 同盟国ドイツが連合国に降伏。
- 1945Soviet–Japanese War
- 1945Soviet invasion of Manchuria
- 1945月 連合国がポツダム宣言発表。
- 1945月3日 ソビエト連邦が北方領土占領。
- 1945月 選挙法改正により女性参政権が確立。日本共産党の合法化。
- 1945Kyūjō incident
- 1945Bombing of Tokyo
- 1945Chichijima incident
- 1945Battle of Shumshu
- 1945月 米軍が沖縄本島に上陸
- 19451945 Mikawa earthquake
- 1945Attack on Yokosuka
- 1945月 米軍が慶良間諸島に上陸し、沖縄戦開始。
- 1945Atomic bombing of Nagasaki
- 1945Atomic bombing of Hiroshima
- 1945Battle of Mutanchiang
- 1945月14日 ポツダム宣言受諾。
- 1945月10日 ポツダム宣言受諾の決定。
- 1945Soviet assault on Maoka
- 1945미즈호 학살 사건
- 1945가미시스카 학살 사건
- 1945Soviet assault on Toro
- 1945月 財閥解体指令。日本社会党結成。
- 1945February — U.S. Marines land on Iwo Jima.
- 1945March — American Armed Forces win the Battle of Iwo Jima, defeating the last remaining troops led by Tadamichi Kuribayashi.
- 1945and 9 August — Atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan during the final period of World War II.
- 1945March and 24 May — Two Bombings of Tokyo begins.
- 1945月2日 降伏文書調印。
- 1946January — Just five months after his arrival in Japan, the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers, General Douglas MacArthur orders the Japanese government to expel all militarists from positions of power. The disbandment of all ultra-nationalist organizations is also demanded.
- 1946November — Constitution of Japan is promulgated.
- 1946May — Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo, the predecessor of Sony, is founded.
- 1946May — In the controversial International Military Tribunal for the Far East, the prosecution began of Japanese military leaders for war crimes.
- 1946May — Shigeru Yoshida receives Imperial Order to form a cabinet.
- 1946April — Sazae-san is first published.
- 1946June — Emperor Hirohito submits a revision of the Imperial Constitution to the National Diet.
- 1946Japanese economic miracle begins.
- 1946May — Yoshida's cabinet is announced.
- 1946March — Kose Cosmetics is founded in Oji region, Tokyo, as predecessor name was Kobayashi Kose Cosmetics.
- 1946August — Keidanren is established.
- 1946January — During the New Year's Day, Emperor Shōwa renounces his divinity, known in Japanese as the Human Declaration.
- 19481948 Fukui earthquake
- 1948Hanshin Education Incident
| - General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
- Marshall Plan drafted
- National Security Act of 1947
- Truman Doctrine establishes "the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures"
- Jackson Pollock begins painting his most famous series of paintings called the drip paintings in Easthampton, New York
- First broadcast of Meet the Press
- Jackie Robinson breaks color barrier in baseball
- Presidential Succession Act
- Studebaker becomes the first automobile manufacturer to introduce a "post-war" model; most automakers wait until 1948 or 1949
- World Series is broadcast live on television for the first time
- Taft Hartley Act
- Polaroid camera invented
- U.F.O. crash at Roswell, New Mexico
- 1945Battle of Iwo Jima
- 1945Battle of Okinawa
- 1945August 15, 1945 – Surrender of Japan (formally signed on 2 September 1945, ending the war)
- 1945United Nations Conference on International Organization
- 1945August 6 and 9, 1945 – Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
- 1945Tennessee Williams’s play The Glass Menagerie opens in New York
- 1945Jungholzhausen massacre
- 19451945 Utah prisoner of war massacre
- 1945May 8, 1945 – Germany surrenders, end of World War II in Europe
- 1945due to inflation and working conditions, nationwide labor strikes begin.
- 19451949 – Nuremberg Trials and Subsequent Nuremberg Trials
- 1945April 12, 1945 – President Roosevelt dies, Vice President Truman becomes the 33rd US president
- 1945Carousel opens on Broadway
- 1946Battle of Athens
- 19461946 California's 12th congressional district election
- 1946Benjamin Spock's The Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care published
- 1946United States Atomic Energy Act of 1946
- 1946Employment Act
- 1946Philippines regain independence from the U.S.
- 1946President's Committee on Civil Rights
- 1948Berlin Blockade
- 1948U.S. presidential election, 1948: Harry S. Truman is elected president for a full term, Alben W. Barkley is elected vice president
- 1948Organization of American States: Alliance of North America and South America
- 1948Alger Hiss Case
- 19481948 Republican National Convention
- 1948The Texaco Star Theater, starring Milton Berle, becomes the first major successful U.S. television program; The Toast of the Town also debuts
- 1948Truman desegregates armed forces
- 1948Selective Service Act of 1948: Passed after first such act expired
- 1948January 20, 1949 – President Truman begins full term, Barkley becomes the 35th vice president
- 1949In China, Communists under Mao Zedong force Chiang Kai-shek's KMT government to retreat to Taiwan
- 1949Truman attempts to continue FDR's legacy with his Fair Deal, but most acts don't pass
- 1949Revolt of the Admirals
- 1949The first mammal, a rhesus monkey named Albert II, is launched into space in a suborbital flight
- 1949Germany divided into East and West
- 1949Soviet Union tests its first atomic bomb
- 1949Department of War becomes the Department of the Army and becomes subordinate to the new Department of Defense
- 1949North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) formed
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