1956

1956 — Korea: 대한민국 지방 선거 / China: 2月1日《人民日报》公布第一批230个简化字。5月2日毛泽东提出“双百方针”。4月25日毛泽东作《论十大关系》讲话。“三大改造”基本完成。國立清華大學在台復校。中国第一批量产汽车解放牌汽车于中国第一汽车制造厂完成组装 / Japan: December — Japan joins the United Nations / United States: 1956 United States presidential election

26 events. The text is the source chronology verbatim; the terms are in Sources & licenses. The grey lines above and below are the surrounding 2 years.

KoreaSouth Korea 1948–ChinaChina 1949–JapanShōwa era 1926–1989United StatesUnited States 1776–
  • 대한민국 지방 선거
  • 195411월 17일 사사오입개헌
  • 1955May. Chongryon, an association for Koreans in Japan that are aligned with North Korea, is created.
  • 19583월 3일 천리마 운동이 시작(조선민주주의인민공화국)
  • 2月1日《人民日报》公布第一批230个简化字。5月2日毛泽东提出“双百方针”。4月25日毛泽东作《论十大关系》讲话。“三大改造”基本完成。國立清華大學在台復校。中国第一批量产汽车解放牌汽车于中国第一汽车制造厂完成组装。ZH
  • 月16日,国务院成立了国家科学规划委员会,陈毅任主任。ZH
  • An outbreak of the Influenza A virus subtype H2N2 occurred in China.
  • 月,中国人民解放军出动图-4型重型轰炸机炸毁位于四川省理塘县的长青春科尔寺。ZH
  • 月15日-27日,中国共产党第八次全国代表大会在北京召开,是中华人民共和国建立后中共首次召开的全国代表大会,毛泽东在9月28日召开的中共八届一中全会上当选中共中央主席,其他当选的中共中央政治局常委包括刘少奇、周恩来、朱德、陈云、邓小平(参见:中国共产党第八届中央委员会)。ZH
  • 月,开始发掘明定陵,出土大量文物,由于技术落后而损坏。ZH
  • 月12日,宝成铁路南北两段接轨通车。ZH
  • 月25日,毛泽东作《论十大关系》的讲话,提出了“百花齐放,百家争鸣”的方针,又称“百花运动”。ZH
  • 月28日,中华人民共和国国务院全体会议第23次会议通过了《关于公布汉字简化方案的决议》。ZH
  • 月13日,第一辆解放牌汽车于中国第一汽车制造厂完成组装并实现量产。ZH
  • 月15日,中国第一汽车集团公司正式建成投产。ZH
  • 月7日,陈镜开打破最轻量级挺举世界纪录,是中国运动员创造的第一个世界纪录。ZH
  • 月16日,国务院通过《关于工资改革的决定》,实行职务等级工资制,把干部分为30个行政级。ZH
  • 月21日,中国政府释放第一批日本战犯(中华人民共和国最高人民法院特别军事法庭此前于4月成立)。ZH
  • 月,《1956-1967年科学技术发展远景规划纲要》正式出台。ZH
  • 1954月-9月,长江爆发历史性大洪水,共造成3.3万余人死亡,受灾人口达1888万人。
  • 1954月15日-28日,在第一届全国人民代表大会第一次会议上,毛泽东当选中华人民共和国主席,27日中华人民共和国国务院成立、成为中央人民政府,周恩来被任命为中华人民共和国国务院总理。周恩来在政府报告中第一次提出“四个现代化”的概念。
  • 1954月23日,中国人民解放军空军在海南岛三亚以东击落一架香港客机,空难造成10死8伤。
  • 1954月7日,新疆生产建设兵团成立。
  • 1954Gao Gang Affair
  • 1954月25日,青藏公路正式通车。
  • 1954月,政务院总理兼外交部长周恩来率领中华人民共和国代表团参加日内瓦国际会,签订《印度支那停战协定》。
  • 1954月,第二届全国政协第一次会议选举周恩来为全国政协主席,选举毛泽东为名誉主席。
  • 1954长江洪水。蔣中正當選第二任中華民國總統。九三炮战。7月23日国泰航空民航客机遭解放军空军击落。
  • 1954月29日,苏联领导人赫鲁晓夫访华,与毛泽东会谈。
  • 1954月3日,解放军炮击金门、“九三炮战”爆发,引发第一次台湾海峡危机。
  • 1955月1日,新疆维吾尔自治区成立。
  • 1955月,中国与美国在瑞士日内瓦开始中美大使级会谈,后转移到波兰华沙。
  • 1955月27日,全国人大常委会决议中国人民解放军全军实行军衔制,授予十名元帅、十名大将和五十五名上将。
  • 1955月,周恩来率领中华人民共和国代表团出席万隆会议,此前曾发生“克什米尔公主号事件”。
  • 1955月28日, 钱学森被美国政府释放后抵达中国北京。
  • 1955Battle of Dachen Archipelago
  • 19551955 Yuzha earthquake
  • 1955月16日,胡风在“胡风反革命集团案”中被捕。
  • 1955Battle of Yijiangshan Islands
  • 1955月,中共七届六中全会通过《关于农业合作化问题的决议》,农业合作化高潮兴起。
  • 1955月31日前,苏联从中国旅顺撤军。
  • 1955月,东亚寒潮侵袭影响整个中国大陆地区,大部分地方出现大面积的降雪。
  • 1955月,全国开始正式发行粮票。
  • 1955月1日,中共中央发出指示,在全国开展“肅清暗藏的反革命分子運動”,毛泽东将镇压比例定为百分之五。
  • 1957October Revolution
  • 1957Anti-Rightist Campaign
  • 1957月,贵州爆发“亚洲流感”,1年多内造成全球100万-400万人死亡,成为历史上致死人数最多的大瘟疫之一。
  • 1957月,武汉长江大桥正式通车。
  • 1957月15日,聂荣臻与苏联部长会议第一副主席别尔乌辛在苏联莫斯科签署《中苏国防新技术协定》。
  • 1957月,毛泽东发表《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》讲话。
  • 1957月,中华人民共和国割让浮水洲岛予越南,后者将其改名白龙尾岛。
  • 1957February — Mao published a speech entitled "On the Correct Handling of the Contradictions Among the People," marking the founding of the Hundred Flowers Campaign which encouraged criticism of the government and the Communist Party.
  • 1957Rectification movement
  • 1957月27日,中共中央发出《关于整风运动的指示》。
  • 1958大跃进(除四害)。黄河洪水。8月23日金門炮戰。9月2日中央电视台开播。10月4日台北中兴桥通车。國立交通大學在台復校。
  • 1958月11日,全国人民代表大会第五次会议正式批准《汉语拼音方案》,并通过了《全国人民代表大会关于汉语拼音方案的决议》。
  • 1958月30日,在苏联的援助下,中国科学院物理所建成的中国第一座实验性核反应堆回旋加速器开始运转。
  • 1958Second Taiwan Strait Crisis
  • 1958月8日-26日,在四川成都会议上,毛泽东提出“两种个人崇拜”的观点,为中共全党进一步推行个人崇拜在理论上开了绿灯,开始吹起了对毛泽东的个人崇拜之风。
  • 1958Xunhua Incident
  • 1958나가사키 국기 사건
  • 1958月21日,时任苏联领导人赫鲁晓夫通过苏联驻华大使帕维尔·尤金向毛泽东提出建立“共同舰队”的建议,遭到毛泽东等人的抵制,7月31日至8月3日,赫鲁晓夫访华与毛泽东会谈,但会谈不欢而散(参见:中苏交恶)。
  • 1958月中下旬,黄河中下游地区发生水灾,京广铁路中断14天。
  • 1958月,青海省发生藏族和撒拉族暴动,史称“循化事件”,解放军镇压造成400余人死亡、数百人受伤。
  • 1958月3日,中共中央发布《关于开展反浪费反保守运动的指示》,“双反运动”展开。
  • 1958Mao launched the Four Pests Campaign, which encouraged the eradication of rats, flies, mosquitos and sparrows.
  • 1958月17日-30日,北戴河会议召开,会后大跃进运动和人民公社化运动掀起高潮。
  • 1958月11日-22日,在广西召开的南宁会议上,毛泽东批评了周恩来、陈云等人的“反冒进”,同时提出权力“只能集中到党委,到政治局、书记处、常委、只能有一个核心”。
  • 1958月9日,全国人大常委会颁布了《中华人民共和国户口登记条例》。
  • 1958月,中共八大二次会议通过“社会主义建设总路线”,总路线与大跃进、人民公社被统称为“三面红旗”。
  • December — Japan joins the United Nations.
  • 1954July — Formation of Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (GSDF), Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF), and Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF).
  • 1955Morinaga Milk arsenic poisoning incident
  • 1955November — The right-wing and nationalist Liberal Democratic Party, which has ruled Japan almost continuously ever since its foundation, is formed.
  • 1957Girard incident
  • 1958나가사키 국기 사건
  • 1956 United States presidential election
  • Marilyn Monroe marries playwright Arthur Miller.
  • Elvis Presley appears on The Ed Sullivan Show for the first time.
  • "In God We Trust" adopted as national motto
  • President Eisenhower secures passages of Interstate Highway Act, which will construct 41,000 miles (66,000 km) of the Interstate Highway System over a 20-year period
  • Jackson Pollock dies in a car crash
  • The U.S. refuses to provide military support the Hungarian Revolution
  • January 20, 1957 – President Eisenhower and Vice President Nixon begin second terms
  • The controversial 1956 Sugar Bowl takes place. Georgia's pro segregationist governor publicly threatens Georgia' Tech's president to not allow the game to take place, as students riot.
  • 1954Battle of Dien Bien Phu
  • 1954Brown v. Board of Education, a landmark decision of the Supreme Court, declares state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students and denying black children equal educational opportunities unconstitutional
  • 1954The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes at an all-time high of 382.74, the first time the Dow has surpassed its peak level reached just before the Wall Street Crash of 1929
  • 1954President Eisenhower proposes the Domino theory: If South Vietnam fell to communism, so too would all nations of Southeast Asia, and eventually worldwide.
  • 1954Detonation of Castle Bravo, a 15 megaton Hydrogen bomb on Bikini Atoll. 1,000 times more powerful than the Hiroshima and Nagasaki weapons, it vaporized three islands, displaced the islanders and caused long lasting contamination
  • 1954The People's Republic of China lays siege on Quemoy and Matsu Islands; Eisenhower sends in Navy to demonstrate an invasion of Taiwan would not be permitted
  • 1954NBC airs The Tonight Show, the first late-night talk show, originally hosted by Steve Allen
  • 1954Joseph McCarthy discredited in Army-McCarthy hearings
  • 19541968 Civil rights movement
  • 19541968 Civil rights movement
  • 1954Four Puerto Rican nationalists attack the House of Representatives, wounding 5 members
  • 1954The Tournament of Roses Parade becomes the first event nationally televised in color
  • 19541968 Civil rights movement
  • 19541968 Civil rights movement
  • 19541968 Civil rights movement
  • 19541968 Civil rights movement
  • 1954The Democrats retake both houses of Congress in the Midterms. Will keep the Senate until 1981 and the House until 1994.
  • 19541968 Civil rights movement
  • 19541968 Civil rights movement
  • 19541968 Civil rights movement
  • 1954Censure or formal disapproval on Senator Joseph McCarthy after the Army-McCarthy hearings. He died three years later in 1957.
  • 1954Geneva Conference. U.S. rejects the French decision to recognize Communist control of North Vietnam. U.S. increases aid to South Vietnam.
  • 1954Saint Lawrence Seaway Act, permitting the construction of the system of locks, canals and channels that permits ocean-going vessels to travel from the Atlantic Ocean to the North American Great Lakes, is approved
  • 1954The U.S. becomes a member of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (or SEATO) alliance
  • 1954The CIA overthrows Guatemala's president Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán (Operation PBSuccess)
  • 19541968 Civil rights movement
  • 1955Warsaw Pact
  • 1955Murder of Emmett Till
  • 1955Montgomery bus boycott
  • 1955Rock and roll music enters the mainstream, with "Rock Around the Clock" by Bill Haley & His Comets becoming the first record to top the Billboard pop charts. Elvis Presley also begins his rise to fame around this same time.
  • 1955Disneyland opens at Anaheim, California
  • 1955Rosa Parks remains seated on a bus, the incident which evolves into the Montgomery bus boycott
  • 1955Actor James Dean is killed in a highway accident
  • 1955Jonas Salk develops polio vaccine
  • 1955Ray Kroc opens a McDonald's fast food restaurant and, after purchasing the franchise from its original owners, oversees its national (and later, worldwide) expansion
  • 1955AFL and CIO merge in America's largest labor union federation
  • 1957Little Rock, Arkansas school desegregation. Eisenhower recruits the U.S. National Guard to escort the Little Rock Nine
  • 1957Civil Rights Act of 1957
  • 1957Eisenhower Doctrine, wherein a country could request American economic assistance and/or aid from military forces if it was being threatened by armed aggression from another state
  • 19571957 Andreanof Islands earthquake
  • 1957Shippingport Atomic Power Station, the first commercial nuclear power plant in the U.S., goes into service
  • 1957Girard incident
  • 1957Soviets launch Sputnik; "space race" begins
  • 1958NASA formed as the U.S. begins ramping up efforts to explore space
  • 19581958 Lituya Bay earthquake and megatsunami
  • 1958Jack Kilby invents the integrated circuit
  • 1958Battle of Hayes Pond
  • 1958National Defense Education Act
  • 1958The Affluent Society written by John Galbraith